The ascent of stoutness can be seen on a worldwide scale, without qualification of riches or neediness. In 2016, the WHO checks on the planet, 1.9 billion overweight grown-ups and 650 million characterized as "stout". Since 1980, the quantity of instances of stoutness has multiplied. In France, one of every eight individuals experience the ill effects of weight. 15% of youngsters and 40% of grown-ups are overweight as indicated by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). What are the reasons for heftiness? What treatment for corpulence? What counteractive action to receive against heftiness?

WHAT IS OBESITY

Obesity and overweight are characterized by an abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue (containing fat) that can be a health hazard.

The body mass index (BMI) is the main indicator for detecting obesity or overweight in an adult:

A person is considered overweight when their BMI is between 25 and 30.

A person is considered obese when their BMI is greater than or equal to 30.

BMI CALCULATION:

The BMI is calculated as follows: weight (in kg) / (height (in m)) ²

For example: 61kg / (1.57m x 1.57m) = 24.7

THE CAUSES OF OBESITY

The causes of obesity vary from one individual to another.

genetic predisposition

insufficient or no sporting practice

environmental factors (economic and/or social, family situation)

food marketing, advertising ...

THE RISKS OF OBESITY FOR HEALTH

an increased risk of cardiovascular disease

a reduction in life expectancy

increased risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, colon cancer or breast cancer

In children and adolescents, overweight and obesity also have negative consequences:

increased risk of breathing problems

an increased risk of developing diabetes in adulthood

high risk of fractures

the development of insulin resistance

In both adults and children, overweight and obesity can also contribute to depression.

Treating overweight and obesity is therefore essential to preserve the health of those concerned.

TREATMENT OF OBESITY

LOSS OF WEIGHT THROUGH HEALTHY FOOD

This is the main way to fight overweight and obesity.

The weight loss must be done in a reasoned manner; a balanced diet and regular sports practice allow you to lose weight gradually without putting the person concerned in physical and psychological danger.

It is advisable to have an adapted therapeutic follow-up.

TREATMENT OF OBESITY THROUGH 

MEDICINES

To date, there are no miracle drug treatments for obesity.

However, some medications can help with weight loss and limit the absorption of dietary fat by the body.

The effects of these medications vary from one individual to another and may not produce the expected results.

In addition, their intake must be combined with a balanced diet.

THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY BY SURGERY

The treatment of obesity by surgery (or "bariatric" surgery) is aimed at adults suffering from "massive" (BMI greater than or equal to 40) or "severe" obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 35).  combined with a disease.

These individuals must justify several unsuccessful attempts at weight loss and must not present medical contraindications.

There are two types of surgeries:

restrictive surgeries that reduce the size of the stomach (gastric band, sleeve gastrectomy, calibrated vertical gastroplasty)

Restrictive and "malabsorptive" surgeries that reduce the size of the stomach and reduce the assimilation of food by the body ("bypass", biliopancreatic derivation).

Stomach surgery is not without risks and the patient must have a regular postoperative follow-up. Surgery will only be effective if the person undergoing surgery adopts good eating habits and changes his lifestyle. It is important to do psychological work on oneself in order to learn to live with a new image.

PREVENTION OF OBESITY: THE GOOD REFLEXES TO TAKE

Prevention of obesity is one of the public health priorities. A "National Health Nutrition Plan" has been in place for some years to prevent obesity.

In everyday life, it is recommended to adopt certain actions:

practice a regular sports activity: 30 minutes of sports a day can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. A more sustained sports practice may be necessary for the event of proven overweight

to have an enhanced and adjusted eating routine

confine your admission of soaked fats

confine your admission of sugars and salt

devour products of the soil day by day

increment calcium allow in kids

frequently screen the development of the weight bend of youngsters and youths is a method for anticipation against corpulent