What
is it?
Hypertension
is a condition described by a pulse kept up over the qualities considered
'ordinary', it is-systolic 140 increment (ordinarily 14 "most
extreme") and 90 diastolic (9 generally " least').
Every
time we take pulse given two numbers: the first is the systolic weight ('high'
or 'high') circulatory strain while the second is the diastolic pulse ('high'
or 'low'). The systolic weight and the diastolic circulatory strain are not two
distinct sorts of pulse, but rather two parts of a similar procedure.
In
General, grown-up weight levels ordinary circulatory strain is under 140
systolic (normally 14 "greatest") and 90 diastolic (9 regularly
" least'). Remember that amid the day of circulatory strain changes which
are additionally typical, albeit as a rule with qualities lower than 140 and
90. For instance, a grown-up of 18 years is hypertensive when you have
estimations of voltage a persevering rise of blood above 140 greatest and/or
least 90 (which is sufficiently high of both, or both on the double
How
is it produced?
In
most hypertensive people (90-95%) of the real cause of hypertension is unknown.
This is what we call essential hypertension. In these individuals, hypertension
is due to the combined action of several factors: heredity, the constitution,
the breed, the psychological factors, type of diet and lifestyle.
Secondary
hypertension occurs in 5 to 10 percent of hypertensive people. They contain a
motif specific and known, such as the presence of tumors of the kidney or
tumors of the hormone-producing glands, renal dysfunction, taking some
medications, taking cocaine, etc.
Symptoms
Hypertension
is a condition that usually no symptoms, but when it is present is gradually
harming our bodies to cause serious injury or the death of deactivation, and
this, without notice: stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, angina, myocardial
infarction, heart failure, kidney failure, blindness, etc.
In
some cases, non-specific symptoms such as palpitations or headaches may occur.
Diagnosis
The
diagnosis is based on the knowledge of the values of blood pressure using the
blood pressure monitor. Currently, we have automated devices that allow us to
know our blood pressure levels in a simple way, in our own homes and in various
situations.
However,
it is essential that certain aspects are taken into account to avoid having
false figures which can lead to inappropriate treatment.
*
In the previous hour had not smoked or drank alcohol or coffee.
*
Calm and quiet atmosphere.
*
Rest for several minutes.
*
Sitting in position.
*
Place the horizontal arm and heart level.
Reject
the first measure of the resulting pressure.
But
it is important to know that the diagnosis of hypertension should not count on
a measure isolated since the figures above 140/90 can be due to a trivial and
transient, reason as a preliminary exercise, emotional stress passenger, what
makes a substance of compressor like coffee, a technique of the inaccuracy of
measurement, etc.
Therefore,
the diagnosis of hypertension is made when the digits in at least two
determinations values adequately exceed 140/90.
It
is essential that you know whether or not he is hypertensive because processing
delays and stops the progression of cardiovascular complications associated
with hypertension.
To
help establish the diagnosis in the case of high values, but isolated
complementary techniques can be used, such as the self-measurement of blood
pressure (AMPA) made in the patient's home or the ambulatory monito When you
realize that you have hypertension, your specialist may perform different tests
to wipe out the sickness that is in charge of their hypertensionring of blood
pressure for 24 hours (MAP
When
you realize that you have hypertension, your specialist may perform different
tests to wipe out the sickness that is in charge of their hypertension
Treatment
In
the opinion of all the doctor should be followed. Your doctor will decide which
measures of individual hypertensive treatment should be performed to reduce
blood pressure.
The
therapeutic goal in all hypertensive individuals is normalization of blood
pressure, stable and sustainable manner, at least below 140 systolic and
diastolic 90 numbers. But the figures which must be attained should not be
based solely on the value of isolated blood pressure, but also in the presence
of other risk factors, the concomitant diseases such as diabetes,
cardiovascular disease, or kidney disease, etc.
Similarly,
if you have other factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease,
including diabetes mellitus, it is very important to treat these other risk
factors and not only blood pressure.
Non-pharmacological
treatment
The
action plan through a change in lifestyle. These general measures are based on
change, and remove a number of adverse factors.
*
Let snuff
*
Reduce excess weight
*
Moderate or eliminate alcohol consumption
*
Reduce salt consumption. This is achieved by reducing the amount of salt used
in the preparation of their meal, avoid salty foods (hams, sausages in general,
bread and crackers, chips, canned foods, convenience foods), and also remove
the table salt.
*
Eat a diet low in animal fats
*
Increase the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes and vegetables
*
Perform moderate aerobic exercise and do every day: climb the stairs instead of
the elevator, walk to the next on the metro or bus stop and get off one stop
earlier, walking with a group of friends, the bicycle, swimming pool...
It
was strongly recommended to not drinks high in caffeine (or protein) coffee,
tea, colas, etc. by the direct relationship between consumption of caffeine and
high blood pressure. However, it is now accepted that the moderate drinking
(one to two cups of tea or coffee a day) tend to not change blood pressure.
However, there are individuals who may have blood pressure levels higher when
consumption of these drinks, in which case these people themselves should take
drinks décaféinés.
If
these changes do not help to control blood pressure in 3-6 months, the disease
must be treated with medication. There are currently a number of effective and
well tolerated of diuretics drugs antihypertensives, beta-blockers and the
alpha-agonists, antagonists of calcium channels, receptor 2, inhibitors of
angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, inhibitors of Renin direct. The
choice of antihypertensive treatment must take into account the characteristics
of patients associated diseases, physical characteristics and habits, for
example. In addition, many patients need several drugs used to obtain a satisfactory
blood pressure control.
Treatment
of secondary hypertension
In
the case of being a cause of high blood pressure, treatment should be correct,
for example, to surgically remove the tumor if a pheochromocytoma, or dilate
the blockage of the renal artery.
most individuals who suffer from high blood
pressure usually no symptoms (except when stress levels increase very strongly)
and so the disease can go unnoticed for many years. Therefore, should be to go
from time to time the doctor to control blood pressure, even if we are in good
health.
It is recommended that blood
pressure measurement routine at least once a year to 35 to 40 years. SE there
are factors of risk, personal or family (family history of high blood pressure,
obesity, diabetes, etc.) for the control of blood pressure to be started before
and repeat more often.
Conclusions
Circulatory strain never have a
similar esteem. Fluctuates for the duration of the day. Be that as it may, he
should dependably be under 140 and 90. On the off chance that your circulatory
strain is more prominent than these qualities, please counsel your specialist
for essential care, even without side effects.
Crucial hypertension can't be for
all time cured. Hypertensive in which a reason for their hypertension there are
endless and must take after the suitable treatment and sustenance all through
life. Be that as it may, realize that the institutionalization of the treatment
weight endorsed by your specialist diminishes the effect that this ailment
causes your heart, your mind, the retina and kidney
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